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Artist: Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592) Confronting Bodies: Church Date of Action: 1595 Specific Location: France Description of Artwork: "Les Essaies," (1580-1588): Written more perhaps to express his views the first two books of "Essays" include 94 chapters; the earliest are short, relatively impersonal strings of anecdotes with brief conclusions. The most interesting among them reveal the problems of inconsistency, ambition, pain and death. From 1574-75 he shows a growing wariness of stoical solutions to life's problems. He attacks Stoicism, and all dogmatism. He admits fallibility of the human mind to know anything with certainty and takes as his motto "What do I know." The years 1578-80 are more optimistic as Montaigne turns his attention from human limitation to human resources. In Book III, Montaigne proclaims his new sense of unity in the race and in the individual, his heightened confidence leads to greater concern with public behavior. Description of Incident: 1595 France-Lyons: Certain sections of the unexpurgated edition were banned by the Church for being tolerant of an easy morality. Results of Incident: 1676 Italy-Rome: Listed in the Index Source: Banned Books 387 B.C. to 1978 A.D., by Anne Lyon Haight, and Chandler B. Grannis, R.R. Bowker Co, 1978. |